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Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction: Etiology
The Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunctions (TMJ) is one of the problems that has been faced by the dentist and is associated with the problematic stomatognathic system functions . According to studies, the majority of people with Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunctions is women in the reproductive age.
The etiology the dysfunction of this is attributed to many factors:
- Occlusion disharmony due to loss of teeth and lack of timely rehabilitation, υπερέκφυση of competitors, badly shaped αποκαταστατικές work, etc
- Anxiety
- Gnashing or bruxism
- Overuse or injury of the masticatory muscles (masseter, temporalis, medial and lateral pterygoid, buccinator).
- Other habits such as yawning with his mouth too open or to one chew gum loudly, etc.
- Abnormal structure of the temporomandibular joint congenital
Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction: Symptoms
Usually the symptoms of Temporomandibular Malfunctions is periodically and not particularly painful. Also can be easily with simple exercises to overcome (soft food, application of ice, to avoid extreme movements of the jaw). In a significant number of patients, however, symptoms are intense.
The symptoms the TMJ dysfunctions are:
- Noise click or snapping sounds from the temporomandibular structure when you open your mouth
- Intense headache and dizziness
- Pain in the jaw joint
- “Locking” of the jaw when opening or closing the mouth
- Limitation of the ability or inability opening of the mouth
- Spasms or muscle pain in the region during the mastication
Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction: Treatment
The treatment in these cases, with one of the following means:
- Dental instruments (Night guards TMJ), restoration of the occlusal)
- Psychological treatment (dealing with stress, relaxation)
- Medication (painkillers, muscle relaxants, sedatives)
- Surgical treatment
