What is Periodontal disease?
Periodontitis it is an inflammatory disease of the tissues that surround and support the teeth. When the germs through the first zone of defence of the tooth, i.e. the gumsthe next target is immediately below it located bone of the jaws.
Result: Teeth they lose their support, they relax, they become εύσειστα (move) and if they stay a hopeless led to the export. In this case we are talking about periodontitis a self that is affected is the periodontal, the tissues that surround the tooth. The periodontitis it is extremely common in large ages, too many teeth are lost because of her, and feature is the existence of pockets.
The περιδοντικός pocket it is the empty space that remains between the root of the affected tooth and the gum after the (sometimes less) destruction of the bone that surrounds and supports the tooth root.
A result of the existence of the pocket is:
- the recession (lowering) of the gums
- and the stripping of roots teeth
- At the same time is observed tooth mobilityas destroyed the bone that supports the roots
Untreated gingivitis can progress to periodontitis.
With time, plaque can spread and grow below the gum line. The toxins produced by the bacteria in the plaque irritate the gums. The toxins stimulate a chronic inflammatory response in which the body in essence turns on itself, and the tissues and bone that support the teeth are falling apart and destroyed. The gums separating from the teeth, forming niches (spaces between the teeth and gums) that become infected. As the disease progresses, the pockets deepen and more ουλικός tissue and bone is destroyed. Often, this destructive process has very mild symptoms. Eventually, teeth can loosen and may need to be removed.
There are many forms of periodontitis. The most common include the following.
- Aggressive periodontitis: observed in patients who are otherwise clinically healthy. Common features include rapid attachment loss and destruction of the bone.
- Chronic periodontitis: result in the inflammation of the supporting tissues of the teeth, progressive attachment loss and bone. This is the most frequently occurring form of periodontitis and is characterized by the formation of follicles and /or the retreat of the gums. It is prevalent in adults, but can occur at any age. Deterioration of attachment loss usually occurs slowly, but there can be periods of rapid progression .
- Periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic diseases: often starts at a young age. Systemic diseases such as heart disease, diseases of the respiratory system and diabetes are associated with this form of periodontitis.
- Necrotizing periodontal disease(acute ελκονεκρωτική gingivitis-periodontitis): it is an infection characterized by necrosis of ουλικών tissue, the periodontal ligament-including ligament and the alveolar bone. These lesions were more frequently observed in individuals with systemic diseases, such as HIV infection, malnutrition and immunosuppression.
Treatment Of Periodontitis
The periodontitis it is a condition that it can be treated from the dentist's office. The treatment however it requires the excellent cooperation of the patient and the faithful compliance to a excellent program of oral hygiene.
Damage the bone of the jaws usually don't settle, the bone that has been destroyed can't be recreated, only with specialized procedures by dentists specialized in dealing with diseases of the periodontal disease.
The conservative treatment, so the gingivitis and periodontitis, about ultrasonic υποβοηθούμενους with localized abrasions, and where they need it done with the help of anesthesia. The point in the treatment is the elimination of pockets. This treatment finds ultimate application in both diseases and has beneficial effects after exterminating the responsible microbes directly, and many times without having to take antibiotics to deal with it. In second year, when the pockets of some teeth resistant to conservative treatment, you may need selective surgical treatment.
